We have collected the most exciting new researches in the field of genetics and cellular research in the past week.
Exosomes: a review of biologic function, diagnostic and targeted therapy applications, and clinical trials
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles generated by all cells and they carry nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites. They mediate the exchange of substances between cells,thereby affecting biological properties and activities of recipient cells. In this review, we briefly discuss the composition of exocomes and exosome isolation. We also review the clinical applications of exosomes in cancer biology as well as strategies in exosome-mediated targeted drug delivery systems. Finally, the application of exosomes in the context of cancer therapeutics both in practice and literature are discussed.
EGFR T790M mutation in plasma of non-small cell lung cancer patients via exosome
Mutation in the EGFR gene, also known as Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, is considered as the epidermal growth factor receptor, this is the type of mutation that is often seen in people with lung cancer. Recent statistics show that up to 50% of Asians with lung cancer have mutations in the EGFR gene. Besides the racial factor; EGFR mutations also occur with a high rate of lung cancer patients who are female, non-smokers and whose histology is adenocarcinoma.
EGFR (epithelial growth factor receptor) is located on the surface of some common cell types and can also be found in certain types of cancer cells at high concentrations to help Cancer grows and divides aggressively.
Human liver derived mesenchymal stromal cells ameliorate murine ischemia-induced inflammation through macrophage polarization
The immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been well-characterized in in-vitro and in-vivo models. We have previously shown that liver MSC (L-MSC) are superior inhibitors of T-cell activation/proliferation, NK cell cytolytic function, and macrophage activation compared to adipose (A-MSC) and bone marrow MSC (BM-MSC) in-vitro.